This course is a survey into the latest astronomical fields and serves as a crash-course into the most cutting edge research about celestial objects. From understanding contemporary advancements in telescopes and observational technologies, the mysterious nature of dark matter and how astronomers probe its characteristics, supermassive black holes and their gravitational effects on the universe, and to the expedition to search for exoplanets beyond our solar system, this course provides a look into the wonderful world of modern astronomy.